Doctrine and Faith

Concupiscence: Understanding the Inner Struggle That Leads Us to God

Concupiscence, a term rarely heard outside theological circles, is a central concept in Christian tradition. Derived from the Latin concupiscentia, meaning “disordered desire,” it may seem distant or abstract. Yet its meaning and relevance are deeply rooted in our daily experience. This article seeks to shed light on what concupiscence …

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The Catholic Truth in the Face of Protestant Objections: A Biblical Guide

Since the dawn of Christianity, theological debates have enriched and challenged the faith of believers. However, with the Protestant Reformation in the 16th century, significant objections to the teachings of the Catholic Church emerged. These objections, based on divergent interpretations of the Bible, have led to profound debates on fundamental …

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Excommunication: Understanding the Meaning and Relevance of a Spiritual Measure

Excommunication is one of the most serious and often misunderstood concepts within the Catholic Church. In an era where words like “inclusion” and “accompaniment” are pillars of ecclesial discourse, speaking about excommunication may seem outdated or even severe. However, understanding its true meaning, history, and purpose is essential to appreciate …

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Christ Descended to the Dead

One of the most intriguing statements in the Apostles’ Creed is that Jesus Christ “descended to the dead.” This declaration, often misunderstood or overlooked, holds a profound theological significance, revealing the breadth of Christ’s redemptive work. At its core lies the certainty that God’s love is more powerful than death …

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The Filioque Clause: Meaning, History, and Relevance for Christian Faith

Introduction: Context and Relevance of the Filioque The Filioque clause (from Latin, “and the Son”) is a theological expression that has played a crucial role in the history of Christianity, particularly in the realm of Trinitarian theology. Its inclusion in the Nicene-Constantinopolitan Creed has sparked theological debates and ecclesial divisions, …

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